Casein composition for treating artificial silk yarns and threads or filaments



Patented June 20, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HERMAN S. BOSLAND, OFPATER-SON, NEW JERSEY, AND FREDERICK G. LA. PIANA, OF

FOREST HILLS, NEW YORK, ASSIGNORS TO STEIN, HALL & COMPANY, INC., A GOR-PORATION OIE NEW YORK GA$EIN COMPOSITION FOR TREATING ARTIFICIAL SILKYARNS AND THREADS 0R FILAMENTS No Drawing.

This invention relates to an improved composition ,for use in warp orskein sizing artificial silk and rayon yarns and threads or filaments.

In the past, the weaving of fabrics from yarns and threads or filamentsfrom artlficial sil {S and rayons and particularly artificial silks ofthe cellulose acetate type has been attended with difficulties. The percentage of breaks of threads in the loom is excessive and there is atendency for the threads to become snarled. So far as we are aware noneof the sizes heretofore used with this class of textile materials hassatisfactorily met these difficulties.

These difiiculties in weaving cellulose acetate yarns and similarmaterials may be attributed largely to the fact that such yarns are moreor less water repellent, and consequently there is a tendency for thesize to be repelled from the yarn durmg the sizing process.

It is an object of the present inventlon to produce a size which whenapplied to yarns and threads or filaments of the type above indicatedacts upon the threads or filaments in such a way as to hold themtogether, giving them a smooth coating and permitting them to slipfreely through the reeds and other parts of the loom with which theycontact.

e have found that a warp or skein sizing having advantageous propertiesfor treating artificial yarns and similar materials can be prepared froma composition consisting of from about 50 to parts by weight of casein,40 to 10 parts of dextrine or a more or less dextrinizedstarch-containing material, and the balance corn sugar or other suitableorganic hygroscopic material, e. g., glycerine, glucose or cane sugar.

The following is a specific example of a composition coming within theinvention, and one that has been found to be particularly advantageousfor the purpose intended.

Parts by weight Casein 70 DeXtrinized tapioca flour 20 Corn sugar 10Application filed January 7, 1930. Serial No. 419,200.

In order to prepare a sizing from the composition above mentioned, it isrecommended, by Way of example, that to 10 lbs. of the composition therebe added 10 gallons of water, one pint of 26 Be. ammonia and 1 quart ofa neutral soluble oil or other softener; then mix and heat to 180 F. Thesizing thus prepared is now ready for use and may be convenientlyapplied to the mater1al to be treated at a temperature of to F.

It will be understood that deXtrine or other dextrinous materials thanthat above specified may be used. However, tapioca flour and similarstarch-containing materials when subjected to any of the generally knownmodifying treatments, such as by heating alone or with an acid orsimilar conversion agent, offer convenient sources for the dextrinousconstituent of our compositlon.

It will be understood that other alkaline casein solublizing materialsmay be used in lieu of ammonia.

lVe are aware of the fact that casein has been used as a coating forfabrics and paper where it is desired to make the fabric or paperwaterproof. For example, it has been used in finishing bookcloth.However, the problem that presents itself in the weaving of artificialsilk, and particularly cellulose acetate yarns is quite different.Cellulose acetate yarns are more or less water repellent and this hascaused difficulties to arise in effecting sizing of such yarns due tothe fact that there has been a tendency for the sizes heretofore used tobe repelled from the yarn during the sizing operation. On the contrary,our composition is not repelled from the yarn and imparts thereto thedesirable properties above noted.

We claim:

1. A composition for use in preparing a warp sizing for artificial silkscomprising 50 to 80 parts of casein, 40 to 10 parts of a dextrinizedstarch-containing material, and about 10 parts of an organic hygroscopicmaterial.

2. A composition for use in preparing a warp sizing for artificial silkscomprising 70 parts of casein, 20 parts of dextrinized flour and 10parts of corn sugar.

3. A warp sizing composition for artificial silks such as will beproduced when the 5 following materials are mixed in about theproportions stated and heated to 180 F.: 7 lbs. of casein, 2 lbs. ofdextrinized flour, 1 lb. of corn sugar, 10 gallons of water, 1 pint of26 B. ammonia and 1 quart of a 10 neutral soluble oil.

4. The process of warp sizing cellulose acetate yarns which comprisesapplying thereto at a temperature of from about 140 to 160 F., a sizingcomposition containing casein, dextrine and a hygroscopic sugardissolved in an alkaline aqueous solution, said ingredients beingpresent in therelative proportions of about 50 to 80 parts of casein, 40to 10 parts of dextrinized starch-containing material, and about 10parts of an organic hygroscopic material.

5. A composition for use in preparing a warp sizing for artificial silkyarns to be formed into a fabric, comprising a mixture of casein,dextrinized starch-containing material, and organic hygroscopicmaterial.

6. A warp sizing composition for artificial silk yarns to be formed intoa fabric, such as will be produced when the following materials aremixed in about the proportions stated and heated to 180 F.: 7 lbs. ofcasein, 2 lbs. of dextrinized flour, 1 lb. of corn sugar, 10 gallons ofwater, 1 pint of 26 B. ammonia and 1quart of neutral soluble oil.

7. In the process of making a textile fabric from artificial silk yarns,the step which comprises applying to such yarns at a temperature of from140 to 160 F. before formation of the fabric therefrom, a warp sizingcomposition comprising an aqueous alkaline solution of casein, dextrineand a hygroscopic sugar.

8. In the process of making a textile fabric from low twist artificialsilk yarns, the step which comprises applying to such yarns beforeformation of the fabric therefrom, a warp sizing solution containingcasein.

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this specificationthis 24th day of December, 1929.

HERMAN s. BOSLAND. FREDERICK e. LA PIANA.

